Summary:
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'''Karl August Wittfogel''' (6 September 1896, [[Woltersdorf, Lower Saxony|Woltersdorf]]{{spaced ndash}}25 May 1988, [[New York City|New York]]) was a [[German-American]] [[playwright]], [[historian]], and [[sinologist]]. Originally a [[Marxist]] and an active member of the [[Communist Party of Germany]], after the [[Second World War]] Wittfogel was an equally fierce [[Anticommunist]].
==Selected Works (in German)==
*''Vom Urkommunismus bis zur proletarischen Revolution, Eine Skizze der Entwicklung der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft, 1. Teil: Urkommunismus und Feudalismus'', Verlag Junge Garde, Berlin C 2, 1922, 79 p.<ref>Rare with little known [[John Heartfield]] cover. The first part is all there is. The ''Verlag Junge Garde'', Berlin C 2 (on Stralauerstrasse 12 in Schöneberg) was the publishers of the [[Communist Youth International]], ''Kommunistische Jugendinternationale''.</ref>
*''Die Wissenschaft der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Eine marxistische Untersuchung'', Malik, Berlin, 1922
*''Geschichte der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Von ihren Anfängen bis zur Schwelle der großen Revolution'', Malik, Wien, 1924
*''Das erwachende China, Ein Abriß der Geschichte und der gegenwärtigen Probleme Chinas'', AGIS Verlag, Wien, 1926
*''Shanghai- Kanton'', Vereinigung Internationale Verlags-Anstalten, Berlin, 1927<ref>In Brussels, February, 1927 the [[Comintern|Komintern]] ''Liga gegen Imperialismus'' was founded at a ''Internationale Kongress gegen Unterdrückung und Kolonialismus''. This Congress had been organised by [[Willi Münzenberg]]). Wittfogel took part, as did [[Agnes Smedley]]. (Source: Sinologie Heidelberg Alumni Netzwerk</ref>
*''Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Chinas, Versuch der wissenschaftlichen Analyse einer großen asiatischen Agrargesellschaft'', Hirschfeld, Leipzig, 1931, XXIV, 767 P. (=''Schriften des Instituts für Sozialforschung der Universität Frankfurt am Main'', No. 3)
*''Die natürlichen Ursachen der Wirtschaftsgeschichte'', in: ''Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik'', 67, 1932, pp. 466–492, 597-609, 711-731.
*''Die Theorie der orientalischen Gesellschaft'', in: ''Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung'', Vol. 7, No. 1/2, Alcan, Paris, 1938
==Interviews==
*“Conversations with Wittfogel”. [http://www.telospress.com ''Telos''] 43 (Spring 1980). Telos Press, New York.
===Plays===
*''Julius Haidvogel'' (= K. A. Wittfogel), ''Der Krüppel'' (The Cripple). in: ''Der Gegner'', Vol. 2, Nr. 4, Malik, Berlin, 1920, p. 94ff..
*''Rote Soldaten. Politische Tragödie in fünf Akten'' (Red Soldiers), Malik, Berlin, 1921
*''Der Mann der eine Idee hat. Erotisches Schauspiel in vier Akten'' (The Man Who Has an Idea), Malik, Berlin, 1922, and 1933
*''Die Mutter - Der Flüchtling. Zwei Einakter'' (The Mother & The Refugee, 2 one-act plays, Malik, Berlin, 1922
*''Wer ist der Dümmste? Eine Frage an das Schicksal in einem Vorspiel und vier Akten.'' (Who is the Biggest Fool?), Malik, Berlin, 1923
**Gustav von Wangenheim, ''Da liegt der Hund begraben und andere Stücke, Aus dem Repertoire der Truppe 31'', Rowohlt, Reinbek b. Hamburg, 1974
*''Der Wolkenkratzer. Amerikanischer Sketch'' (The Skyscraper), Malik, 1924<ref>''Der Krüppel'' was performed on October 14, 1920 at [[Piscator|Piscator's]] ''Proletarischem Theater - Bühnen der revolutionären Arbeiter Groß- Berlins'', together with two other short plays under the heading ''Gegen den weißen Schrecken - für Sowjetrußland'', see: ''Der Gegner. Mit dem satirischen Teil Die Pleite'', vol. 2, no. 4, Malik, Berlin, 1920, p. 94- 107. Erwin Piscator's essay ''Über Grundlagen und Aufgaben des Proletarischen Theaters'' in the same number on pages 90 to 93. ''Der Gegner'' was then edited by [[Julian Gumperz]] and Wieland Herzfelde. ''Rote Soldaten'' had been scheduled for a second season of the theatre.
: Wittfogel also published a theoretical essay on proletarian theatre: ''Grenzen und Aufgaben der revolutionären Bühnenkunst'', ''Der Gegner, vol. 3, no. 2, Berlin, 1922, p. 39-44.
On the Weimar Proletarian Theatre: Richard Weber, ''Proletarisches Theater und Revolutionäre Arbeiterbewegung'', 2nd. ed., Prometh, Cologne, 1978, P. 85, 96.
:One of the final communist Weimar theatre events was [[Berthold Brecht]]'s "didactic play" on communism, murder and morality, set in China, ''Die Maßnahme''. Wittfogel's review was published in ''Die Welt am Abend'', on Dec. 22, 1930.</ref>
==Works (in English)==
*''The Foundations and Stages of Chinese Economic History'', ''Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung'', Alcan, Paris, 4, 1935, p. 26-60.
*''New Light on Chinese Society; An Investigation of China's Socio-Economic Structure, Institute of Pacific Relations, New York, 1938
*''The Society of Prehistoric China'', Alcan, Paris, 1939
*''Meteorological Records from the Divination Inscriptions of Shang'', American Geographical Society (1940)
*''Public Office in the Liao Dynasty and the Chinese Examination System ...'', Harvard-Yenching Institute (1947)
*With Feng Chia-sheng et al., ''History of Chinese Society, Liao, 907-1125'', American Philosophical Society, Transactions. Distributed by the Macmillan Co., New York, 1949
**With Chia-shêng Fêng and Karl H. Menges, ''History of Chinese society : Liao (907-1125). Appendix V, Qara-Khitay 1949
*''Russia and Asia : Problems of Contemporary Area Studies and International Relations'', 1950
*''Asia's Freedom...and the Land Question'' 1950
*''The influence of Leninism-Stalinism on China'', 1951?
''The Review of Politics : The Historical Position of Communist China: Doctrine and Reality'', University of Notre Dame Press (1954)
*''Mao Tse-tung, Liberator or Destroyer of the Chinese Peasants?'', Free Trade Union Committee, American Federation of Labor, New York, 1955
*''The Hydraulic Civilizations'' Chicago, 1956
*''Oriental Despotism; a Comparative Study of Total Power'' Yale University Press, 1957
**''Class Structure and Total Power in Oriental Despotism'', 1960
**''Results and Problems of the Study of Oriental Despotism'' 1969
*''Chinese Society : An Historical Survey'', 1957
*''The New Men'', Hong Kong, 1958?
*''Food and Society in China and India'', New York, 1959
*''Peking's "Independence'' (1959)
*''The Marxist View of Russian Society and Revolution, 1960
*''Viewer's Guide to From Marx to Mao'', University of Washington (1960)
*''The Legend of Maoism'', 1960?
*''Class Structure and Total Power in Oriental Despotism'', 1960
*''A Stronger Oriental Despotism'' 1960
*''The Russian and Chinese Revolutions : A Socio-Historical Comparison'' 1961
*''The Marxist View of China'' China Quarterly, 1962
*''Agrarian Problems and the Moscow-Peking Axis'', 1962
*''A Short History of Chinese Communism'', University of Washington, 1964
*''The Chinese Red Guards and the "Lin Piao Line'', American-Asian Educational Exchange, Inc. (1967)
*''Results and Problems of the Study of Oriental Despotism'' 1969
*''Agriculture: a Key to the Understanding of Chinese Society, Past and Present'', Australian National University Press, 1970
*''Communist and Non-Communist Agrarian Systems, with Special Reference to the U.S.S.R. and Communist China, a Comparative Approach'' Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle, 1971
*''The Hydraulic Approach to Pre-spanish Mesoamerica'', Austin, 1972
*''Some Remarks on Mao's Handling of Concepts and Problems of Dialectics'', University of Washington. Far Eastern and Russian Institute, not dated
{{GFDL}}
'''Karl August Wittfogel''' (6 September 1896, [[Woltersdorf, Lower Saxony|Woltersdorf]]{{spaced ndash}}25 May 1988, [[New York City|New York]]) was a [[German-American]] [[playwright]], [[historian]], and [[sinologist]]. Originally a [[Marxist]] and an active member of the [[Communist Party of Germany]], after the [[Second World War]] Wittfogel was an equally fierce [[Anticommunist]].
==Selected Works (in German)==
*''Vom Urkommunismus bis zur proletarischen Revolution, Eine Skizze der Entwicklung der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft, 1. Teil: Urkommunismus und Feudalismus'', Verlag Junge Garde, Berlin C 2, 1922, 79 p.<ref>Rare with little known [[John Heartfield]] cover. The first part is all there is. The ''Verlag Junge Garde'', Berlin C 2 (on Stralauerstrasse 12 in Schöneberg) was the publishers of the [[Communist Youth International]], ''Kommunistische Jugendinternationale''.</ref>
*''Die Wissenschaft der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Eine marxistische Untersuchung'', Malik, Berlin, 1922
*''Geschichte der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Von ihren Anfängen bis zur Schwelle der großen Revolution'', Malik, Wien, 1924
*''Das erwachende China, Ein Abriß der Geschichte und der gegenwärtigen Probleme Chinas'', AGIS Verlag, Wien, 1926
*''Shanghai- Kanton'', Vereinigung Internationale Verlags-Anstalten, Berlin, 1927<ref>In Brussels, February, 1927 the [[Comintern|Komintern]] ''Liga gegen Imperialismus'' was founded at a ''Internationale Kongress gegen Unterdrückung und Kolonialismus''. This Congress had been organised by [[Willi Münzenberg]]). Wittfogel took part, as did [[Agnes Smedley]]. (Source: Sinologie Heidelberg Alumni Netzwerk</ref>
*''Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Chinas, Versuch der wissenschaftlichen Analyse einer großen asiatischen Agrargesellschaft'', Hirschfeld, Leipzig, 1931, XXIV, 767 P. (=''Schriften des Instituts für Sozialforschung der Universität Frankfurt am Main'', No. 3)
*''Die natürlichen Ursachen der Wirtschaftsgeschichte'', in: ''Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik'', 67, 1932, pp. 466–492, 597-609, 711-731.
*''Die Theorie der orientalischen Gesellschaft'', in: ''Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung'', Vol. 7, No. 1/2, Alcan, Paris, 1938
==Interviews==
*“Conversations with Wittfogel”. [http://www.telospress.com ''Telos''] 43 (Spring 1980). Telos Press, New York.
===Plays===
*''Julius Haidvogel'' (= K. A. Wittfogel), ''Der Krüppel'' (The Cripple). in: ''Der Gegner'', Vol. 2, Nr. 4, Malik, Berlin, 1920, p. 94ff..
*''Rote Soldaten. Politische Tragödie in fünf Akten'' (Red Soldiers), Malik, Berlin, 1921
*''Der Mann der eine Idee hat. Erotisches Schauspiel in vier Akten'' (The Man Who Has an Idea), Malik, Berlin, 1922, and 1933
*''Die Mutter - Der Flüchtling. Zwei Einakter'' (The Mother & The Refugee, 2 one-act plays, Malik, Berlin, 1922
*''Wer ist der Dümmste? Eine Frage an das Schicksal in einem Vorspiel und vier Akten.'' (Who is the Biggest Fool?), Malik, Berlin, 1923
**Gustav von Wangenheim, ''Da liegt der Hund begraben und andere Stücke, Aus dem Repertoire der Truppe 31'', Rowohlt, Reinbek b. Hamburg, 1974
*''Der Wolkenkratzer. Amerikanischer Sketch'' (The Skyscraper), Malik, 1924<ref>''Der Krüppel'' was performed on October 14, 1920 at [[Piscator|Piscator's]] ''Proletarischem Theater - Bühnen der revolutionären Arbeiter Groß- Berlins'', together with two other short plays under the heading ''Gegen den weißen Schrecken - für Sowjetrußland'', see: ''Der Gegner. Mit dem satirischen Teil Die Pleite'', vol. 2, no. 4, Malik, Berlin, 1920, p. 94- 107. Erwin Piscator's essay ''Über Grundlagen und Aufgaben des Proletarischen Theaters'' in the same number on pages 90 to 93. ''Der Gegner'' was then edited by [[Julian Gumperz]] and Wieland Herzfelde. ''Rote Soldaten'' had been scheduled for a second season of the theatre.
: Wittfogel also published a theoretical essay on proletarian theatre: ''Grenzen und Aufgaben der revolutionären Bühnenkunst'', ''Der Gegner, vol. 3, no. 2, Berlin, 1922, p. 39-44.
On the Weimar Proletarian Theatre: Richard Weber, ''Proletarisches Theater und Revolutionäre Arbeiterbewegung'', 2nd. ed., Prometh, Cologne, 1978, P. 85, 96.
:One of the final communist Weimar theatre events was [[Berthold Brecht]]'s "didactic play" on communism, murder and morality, set in China, ''Die Maßnahme''. Wittfogel's review was published in ''Die Welt am Abend'', on Dec. 22, 1930.</ref>
==Works (in English)==
*''The Foundations and Stages of Chinese Economic History'', ''Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung'', Alcan, Paris, 4, 1935, p. 26-60.
*''New Light on Chinese Society; An Investigation of China's Socio-Economic Structure, Institute of Pacific Relations, New York, 1938
*''The Society of Prehistoric China'', Alcan, Paris, 1939
*''Meteorological Records from the Divination Inscriptions of Shang'', American Geographical Society (1940)
*''Public Office in the Liao Dynasty and the Chinese Examination System ...'', Harvard-Yenching Institute (1947)
*With Feng Chia-sheng et al., ''History of Chinese Society, Liao, 907-1125'', American Philosophical Society, Transactions. Distributed by the Macmillan Co., New York, 1949
**With Chia-shêng Fêng and Karl H. Menges, ''History of Chinese society : Liao (907-1125). Appendix V, Qara-Khitay 1949
*''Russia and Asia : Problems of Contemporary Area Studies and International Relations'', 1950
*''Asia's Freedom...and the Land Question'' 1950
*''The influence of Leninism-Stalinism on China'', 1951?
''The Review of Politics : The Historical Position of Communist China: Doctrine and Reality'', University of Notre Dame Press (1954)
*''Mao Tse-tung, Liberator or Destroyer of the Chinese Peasants?'', Free Trade Union Committee, American Federation of Labor, New York, 1955
*''The Hydraulic Civilizations'' Chicago, 1956
*''Oriental Despotism; a Comparative Study of Total Power'' Yale University Press, 1957
**''Class Structure and Total Power in Oriental Despotism'', 1960
**''Results and Problems of the Study of Oriental Despotism'' 1969
*''Chinese Society : An Historical Survey'', 1957
*''The New Men'', Hong Kong, 1958?
*''Food and Society in China and India'', New York, 1959
*''Peking's "Independence'' (1959)
*''The Marxist View of Russian Society and Revolution, 1960
*''Viewer's Guide to From Marx to Mao'', University of Washington (1960)
*''The Legend of Maoism'', 1960?
*''Class Structure and Total Power in Oriental Despotism'', 1960
*''A Stronger Oriental Despotism'' 1960
*''The Russian and Chinese Revolutions : A Socio-Historical Comparison'' 1961
*''The Marxist View of China'' China Quarterly, 1962
*''Agrarian Problems and the Moscow-Peking Axis'', 1962
*''A Short History of Chinese Communism'', University of Washington, 1964
*''The Chinese Red Guards and the "Lin Piao Line'', American-Asian Educational Exchange, Inc. (1967)
*''Results and Problems of the Study of Oriental Despotism'' 1969
*''Agriculture: a Key to the Understanding of Chinese Society, Past and Present'', Australian National University Press, 1970
*''Communist and Non-Communist Agrarian Systems, with Special Reference to the U.S.S.R. and Communist China, a Comparative Approach'' Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle, 1971
*''The Hydraulic Approach to Pre-spanish Mesoamerica'', Austin, 1972
*''Some Remarks on Mao's Handling of Concepts and Problems of Dialectics'', University of Washington. Far Eastern and Russian Institute, not dated
{{GFDL}}